Balaclava, michfar, Mail-balaclava, (Bulgaria, Middle East, Byzantine, 10-13th c.)

Riveted Chainmail Balaclava (Mikhfar) – Custom Made Medieval Face Protection

This historically inspired chainmail balaclava is a high-quality reconstruction of medieval facial protection used by warriors across Europe and the Islamic world. Designed for serious reenactors, collectors, and experimental archaeology enthusiasts, it provides authentic early and high medieval appearance while maintaining excellent durability.

The balaclava is made from alternating riveted and solid rings, ensuring both historical accuracy and structural strength. Each ring is crafted from 1.3 mm mild steel wire and riveted with a round rivet, following traditional chainmail construction techniques known from archaeological finds.

This item is fully made to order according to the customer’s measurements.

Custom Specifications

When ordering, please provide the following measurements:

• A – Ring diameter: choose between 6 mm and 9 mm inner diameter

• B – Head circumference

• C – Total length of the balaclava measured from the top of the head

Depending on the dimensions and ring size, the finished piece typically weighs between 1 kg and 2.5 kg.

The example shown in the photo has a length of 50 cm.

Included in the Set

Each chainmail balaclava comes with:

• Riveted & solid ring construction

• Custom sizing

• Quilted padded hood (arming cap) included for comfort and proper helmet fit

• Oiled finish for corrosion protection

Optional Upgrades

Additional options available when ordering:

• Brass rings on the edges – a decorative technique known from historical sources and discussed in detail in research published on sagy.vikingove.cz

• Blackened finish instead of the standard oiled steel

• Choice of ring size: 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm or 9 mm inner diameter

Historical Background

Chainmail facial protection of this type is known from several medieval sources. A well-known surviving example is preserved in the Archaeological Museum in Sofia (Bulgaria) and dates to the second half of the 12th century.

However, similar protective mail face coverings were already used earlier in the Islamic world around the 10th–11th centuries, where they were known as “mikhfar.” These pieces were designed to protect the face and neck while maintaining good visibility and breathability, making them particularly practical for mounted warriors.

Such constructions later influenced European mail aventails and facial coifs, demonstrating the cultural exchange of military technologies across the medieval world.

Production Time

Because every piece is handcrafted and made specifically for the customer, the current production time is approximately 6 months.

This ensures the highest level of craftsmanship and historical authenticity.